Francis Bacon Vs John Locke Philosophy Essay

Francis Bacon Vs John Locke Philosophy evidenceCognition is maven of the main principles of philosophy. prying for the ways to understand the surrounding world, trying to make sure that people live in the world they can explain, many philosophers tried to create their consume theories of nature reasoning. People have always been interested in the nature, its processes, and the way in which scientific discoveries are made. There are cardinal ways to experience the nature, deductive and inductive. Francis Bacon and John Locke are two philosophers who searching for the most effective ways of perception have come to opposite perspectives and presented those in their writings, Novum Organum Scientiarum and An Essay on Human Understanding respectively. Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum and Lockes Essay on Human Understanding are two pieces of writing which do not only(prenominal) present the points of view of the authors, provided also describe two eventful ways for considering sc ience and conducting the process of condition, even though the perspectives of these two people are opposite, they are both use in the modern world with the same frequency.The main reason for writing these two pieces of scientific discussion was the desire to understand the modern world. Cognition is most-valuable for philosophers of the whole world and searching for the most effective ways for understanding the nature Locke and Bacon came to two opposite ways in understanding different processes. Bacon and Locke defend to deductive and inductive methods, which differ by the starting point and the vision of the beginning of the research. It is difficult to understand the surrounding world, as sometimes it seems to be unpronounceable and confusing however, Bacon and Locke managed to call forth that appropriate approach to cognition under correct conditions and in appropriate time with a restricted number of comportions may clear to solving the mystery of the surrounding world. Each mystery should be considered from the side of an appropriate perspective or theory.Considering the main idea of inductive and deductive method, adept should imagine a problem, which he/she wants to dwell upon. Applying to the deductive method, the problem should be considered from a normal perspective. Further, the researcher should concretize and specify the issue turning to the truly particular aspect, which is important. Having an opportunity to prove that the general rule is appropriate for the specific one, a person applies to the deductive method. Inductive method presupposes anther vision of the situation, when dealing with one specific action a person has to prove that the same condition is typical for the general audience. Thus, the generalization of the results is based on the inductive method. Bacon and Locke described these two methods in detail. Writing their pieces of literature, Locke and Bacon tried to deliver their vision of solving the problem of world cog nition. Trying to present their methods, these people could not imagine that they open up the methods which are going to be used in the scientific world for many discoveries, as trying to solve any problem, working on the mystery, etcetera researchers and scholars use either inductive or deductive methods to conduct a research.Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum is more directed n logic than on philosophy, as applying to the discussion of the general issues, one should create the chain of events, consequences and finishs which are based on the central general idea and come closer to the specific issue which is to be considered. Bacon states that for the powers and motions of things act and take effect at distances not indefinite or accidental, but finite and fixed so that to ascertain and observe these distances in the investigation of the several(prenominal) natures is of the greatest advantage to practice, not only to prevent its failure but also to extend and increase its power (B acon Novum Organum 206). In other words, Bacon tried to prove that the processes in the nature are interconnected and trying to come from the general aspect to the concrete one, a person will mold the expected results only if the correct way is followed. The human disbelief in the fact that things are possible makes the scientific research more complicated.Turning to close discussion of the very inductive method proposed by Bacon, it is important to point at the procedure of the research. A scholar should gather several events which have the same characteristics, outcome or other features. Considering each of the issues individually, the scholar should remember that hey are the part of the general issue. Thus, trying to find the individual features of the common generalized cases, he/she will be able to draw conclusions by means of posteriori reasoning concerning the validity of hypotheses that were formulated a priority (Vignais and Vignais 113) only in case the conditions are met and the procedure is followed ideally.Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum is a revision of the Aristotles Organon. Bacon tries to make sure that the specifically new order in cognitive processes should be used. Being totally based on logic, Bacon tries to prove in this work that the science of a better and more perfect use of reason in the investigation of things and of the true end of the understanding (Bacon The establishs or counsels well-bred and moral 33). One more important aspect in the Bacons work is the reference to the practical experiments, which helps understand the problem and increase the chances foe drawing the conclusion faster. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the contribution of Bacon in the development of the cognition and scientific world is invaluableLockes Essay on Human Understanding is based on the process of cognition, when one pays attention to the details and tries to generalize the ideas, which one gathers. Searching for the explanation of diffe rent natural processes, the researcher is presupposes to gather the details, the split of the general stamp and step by step to come closer to the final goal. The consideration of ideas and words as the great instruments of jazzledge makes no despicable part of their observation who would take a view of human knowledge in the whole extent of it (Locke 718). The grandness of Lockes essay is the ways and methods he offered for understanding the human nature. Later, Lockes essay will be exercised as the pro lay down influence upon the Enlightenment, providing the epistemological foundations for modern empiricism (Hyland, Gomez, and Greensides 40). The main idea of this wok is to make sure that people understand the importance of their knowledge and the way how this knowledge may be considered. The perception of the surrounding world plays great role in Lockes theory. Each person is a cerebration being who has an opportunity to distinct ideas in ones mind and draw appropriate conclu sions. The failure to consider the necessary issues, the failure to check the breeding which is really important for this very research is one of the main barriers on the way of human cognition.The main idea of Lockes inductive method is to gather all the necessary facts colligate to the problem and make the necessary connections. The failure to find all the issues and to make the correct connections is a failure many people do not know how to cope with. Locke is sure that once a person manages to understand an issue having created the correct chain of conclusions, the more complicated cognitive processes will be uncommitted for this person (Hyland, Gomez, and Greensides 42). Locke paid much attention to enthusiasm and Rudrum, Black, and Nelson aright say that enthusiasm to Locke is the refusal to apply reason to ideas that the believer thinks are revealed truth, and the question he seeks to consequence is how to distinguish between true revelation and mere enthusiasm (1029). These words just support the information mentioned above. A person who wants to conduct a cognitive process of thinking should make sure that purpose and the process is lead correctly, otherwise, nothing will come out. Commenting on Lockes Essay on Human Understanding, Clarke support that the main idea of the Lockes method is to understand the correct principle and to find the appropriate data, which perfectly meets the problem (Clarke 1).Trying to compare and contrast these two pieces of writing, Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum and Lockes Essay on Human Understanding, the most important similarities and differences should be identified. These two works are directed at helping people conduct cognitive processes and find out the truth about human nature and the surrounding world. However, the approaches these two authors apply to differ greatly. Bacon bases his theory of logical thinking trying to prove that the pieces of information considered from the general scope of data is the most effective way for cognition. Locke does not try to contradict Bacons ideas, but he refers to another approach, trying to prove that the correctly selected pieces of information and the chain of appropriate conclusions is a guarantee of cognition.Therefore, it may be concluded that even though Bacons and Lockes ideas are diametrically opposite and the way of cognition these authors offer have nothing in common, these two theories deserve attention. Being absolutely different they neither contradict, nor supplement each other. These two theories have found the supporters in the world of science as both logical and knowledge-based methods are used in the modern science. Bacons Novum Organum Scientiarum and Lockes Essay on Human Understanding should be considered as the greatest contributions to the scientific world as these people have presented the society with inductive and deductive methods of cognition, which help modern scientists conduct research. Moreover, separate parts o f the discussion in these two pieces of writing offered the ideas for further research as science is a dynamic sphere, which requires constant movement ahead with the return to the already drawn conclusions to make sure that there is nothing to be added.